Insights
Analysis and commentary
198 articles on company law, governance, compliance, foreign exchange and intellectual property, arranged by subject rather than by date.
Corporate Law
50 articles
- Starting a Recruitment Agency in Kerala: Emigration Act Registration and Compliance
- How to Convert a Proprietorship or Partnership Firm into a Private Limited Company
- Starting an IT or Software Company in Kerala: Registration and Compliance
- Licences for a Restaurant or Hotel in Kerala
- Clinic and Hospital Registration in Kerala: Licences and Approvals
- Partnership Firm Registration in Kerala: Deed, Procedure and Effect
- LLP Registration in Kerala: Procedure, Agreement and Compliance
- How to Handle Adjudication Proceedings Under Companies Act
Show the remaining 42
- NCLT Procedures Explained for Company Law Matters
- Compounding of Offences under the Companies Act: Procedure and Practice
- Certification of MCA E-Forms by a Practising Company Secretary
- Secretarial Standards (SS-1 & SS-2) Explained
- How to Amend MOA and AOA Legally
- Importance of MOA and AOA in Company Law
- Form INC-20A: Declaration for Commencement of Business
- How to Close a Company Voluntarily
- Statutory Registers and Records for Companies and LLPs: What to Keep and Why
- Understanding DIN, DSC, and PAN in the Incorporation Process
- Comparison Between LLP and Private Limited Compliance
- Frequently Asked Questions on Incorporation Under MCA Portal
- Time and Cost Involved in Registering a Company in India
- How to Reserve a Company Name Under RUN and Spice+
- Common Mistakes to Avoid During Company Incorporation
- Section 8 Company Registration in Kerala: Process, Restrictions and Tax Registrations
- Converting a Partnership Firm into an LLP: Procedure and Effect
- How to Register a One Person Company (OPC) — Complete Guide
- Documents Required for Incorporating a Company in India
- LLP Registration vs. Private Limited Company: A Detailed Comparison
- Prepaid Payment Instruments
- Nidhi Company Registration in Kerala: Requirements, NDH-4 and Compliance
- Producer Company Registration in Kerala: Formation, Governance and FPO Support
- Import Export Code
- Register an Export Company in Kerala: IEC, RCMC, GST and FEMA
- Sole Proprietorship in Kerala: Registrations and Licences
- Money Lending Licence in Kerala: The Kerala Money-Lenders Act, 1958 Explained
- Closing a Company in Kerala: Voluntary Strike-Off under Section 248
- Charitable Society Registration in Kerala: Procedure, Bye-laws and Compliance
- Company Registration in Kerala: Procedure, Documents and Compliance
- Register an E-commerce Business in Kerala: Models, GST and Legal Requirements
- Start a Matrimonial Business in Kerala: Registrations, IT Rules and Data Protection
- Register a Construction Company in Kerala: Structure, Licences and Compliance
- Start a Coaching or Training Institute in Kerala: Structure, Registrations and Rules
- Start a Hardware Shop in Kerala: Licences, GST and Compliance
- Can a Private Institute Issue Certificates? Rules for Coaching and Training Institutions
- Startup Recognition and Registration
- Search Reports of Companies for Banks
- Registration of Charge by the Charge Holder under Section 78
- Entrenchment Provisions in Articles of Association (Section 5): Meaning and Use
- Resolutions Requiring Special Notice: Section 115 of the Companies Act
- OPC Nominee: Does the Nominee Have to Be a Relative?
Governance
14 articles
- Importance of Regular Compliance Reviews
- Audit Queries and Observations: Meaning and How to Reply
- Audit Trail Requirement in Accounting Software (Rule 3A)
- How to Conduct a Compliance Health Check
- Importance of Board Meeting and AGM Minutes Maintenance
- How to Prepare for an External Audit
- Benefits of Conducting Regular Internal Audits
- Common Non-Compliance Observed During Secretarial Audits
Show the remaining 6
- Audit Report Formats and Key Requirements
- Applicability of Secretarial Audit Under Companies Act
- How to Conduct an Internal Audit in a Small Business
- Role of a Company Secretary in Corporate Governance
- Annual Secretarial Compliance Checklist for Companies
- Difference Between Statutory, Internal, and Secretarial Audit
Compliance
19 articles
- Changing Your Company’s Compliance Consultant: What to Collect and What to Check
- Registered Your Company Online? What You Must Do After Incorporation and Every Year
- Is Audit Compulsory for a Company with No Business or Zero Turnover?
- Director Disqualification and DIN Deactivation: Causes and Remedies
- Common Reasons for MCA or ROC Rejections and Solutions
- How to Handle Penalty and Fine Adjudications
- Role of a Company Secretary in ROC Compliance
- How to Rectify Mistakes in ROC Filings
Show the remaining 11
- ROC Filing for LLPs: Forms and Due Dates
- How to File SH-7 for Increase in Authorized Capital
- How to Change Registered Office Address With ROC
- Penalties for Late Filing of Annual Returns
- Restoring a Struck-Off Company: Procedure before the NCLT
- Strike Off vs. Dormant Company – Key Differences
- What Happens If You Miss ROC Filing Deadlines
- DIR-3 KYC for Directors: Now Once Every Three Years
- Step-by-Step Guide to Filing AOC-4 and MGT-7A
- Annual Compliance Calendar for a Private Limited Company in Kerala
- Post-Incorporation Compliance Checklist for New Companies
FEMA and Foreign Investment
16 articles
- Starting a Business in Kerala as an NRI: Structure, FEMA and Compliance
- Role of PCS in FEMA and FDI Filings
- Consequences of Non-Compliance Under FEMA
- How FEMA Applies to Startup Investments
- Foreign Loan Reporting (ECB Returns) Explained
- FEMA Compliance Checklist for Companies
- How to Apply for FDI Approval From RBI
- Sectoral Caps and Approval Routes Under FDI Policy
Show the remaining 8
- How to Obtain FIRC and Its Importance
- FDI in Private Limited Companies: Routes, NRI Investment, Pricing and Reporting
- Common FEMA Violations and How to Avoid Them
- Overseas Direct Investment (ODI): Rules, Limits and Reporting for Indian Businesses
- Reporting Foreign Remittances to RBI: Inward and Outward Transactions
- FC-TRS Filing: Procedure and Timelines
- Step-by-Step Guide to Filing FC-GPR on FIRMS Portal
- Understanding FDI Policy and FEMA Regulations in India
Trademark and Intellectual Property
19 articles
- Two Branches of a Family, One Brand Name: Who Owns the Trademark?
- Starting a Pharma Distribution or Marketing Company in Kerala: Structure, Drug Licence, Brand Names and GST
- How to Assign or License a Trademark
- Trademark Infringement: What You Need to Know
- Cost and Timeline for Trademark Registration in India
- Why Startups Should File Trademarks Early
- How to File a Trademark Opposition
- International Trademark Registration Through Madrid Protocol
Show the remaining 11
- How to Transfer Ownership of a Trademark
- Difference Between Trademark, Copyright, and Patent
- Common Reasons for Trademark Rejection
- Trademark Renewal: Process and Timeline
- How to Reply to a Trademark Objection (Examination Report)
- Trademark Classes Explained: How to Choose the Right Classes for Your Business
- How to Check Trademark Availability Before Filing
- Step-by-Step Process for Filing a Trademark Online
- Importance of Trademark Registration for Businesses
- How Startups Can Protect Intellectual Property From Day One
- Trademark Registration in Kerala: Procedure, Fees and Timeline
Startups, Funding and Valuation
36 articles
- Sweat Equity Shares under the Companies Act: Meaning, Limits and Procedure
- Startup Structuring in India: Co-Founder Equity, Ownership and Company Incorporation
- Kerala Startup Mission and Startup Recognition: Eligibility and Benefits
- What Is a Virtual CFO and How Can It Help SMEs?
- Business Valuation vs. Asset Valuation: Key Differences
- Understanding ESOP Valuation for Startups
- Common Mistakes During Mergers and Acquisitions
- How to Prepare a Pitch Deck for Investors
Show the remaining 28
- Steps Involved in Corporate Restructuring
- When Does a Company Need a Valuation Report, and Who Can Give It?
- Difference Between Internal and External Due Diligence
- How Startups Can Prepare for Investor Due Diligence
- Key Factors That Affect Company Valuation
- Valuation Under Companies Act and FEMA Compared
- How to Conduct Share Valuation for Allotment or Transfer
- Due Diligence Checklist Before Acquiring a Business
- Different Methods of Business Valuation Explained
- Importance of Business Valuation in Fundraising
- Important Clauses in Founders’ Agreements
- Startup India vs. Make in India: What’s the Difference?
- Common Compliance Requirements for Registered Startups
- How to Renew or Update MSME Registration Online
- MSME Loan Schemes Every Small Business Should Know
- How to Register a Startup on DPIIT Portal
- MSME Classification: Micro, Small, and Medium Explained
- How to Get Funding Support Through Startup India
- Why MSME Registration Is Important for Small Businesses
- Eligibility Criteria for Startup India Recognition
- Common Mistakes While Applying for MSME Registration
- How to Avail Government Benefits After Startup India Registration
- Difference Between Startup India and MSME Registration
- MSME/Udyam Registration: Step-by-Step Guide
- Benefits of Registering Under Startup India Scheme
- How to Choose the Right Business Structure for Your Startup
- NDPREM Loan: NORKA Scheme for Returned Emigrants and the Project Report
- Mudra Loan: Categories, Eligibility and Project Report
Drafting and Agreements
14 articles
- How to Draft a Compliance Retainership Agreement
- Legal Due Diligence Report Format and Contents
- Indemnity and Limitation of Liability Clauses in Indian Contracts
- Common Mistakes in Legal Drafting and How to Avoid Them
- How to Execute an Agreement Properly: Stamping, Signing, Witnesses and Registration
- Drafting Terms and Conditions for a Business Website
- How to Draft a Loan Agreement Between Directors and Company
- How to Register Legal Agreements Online
Show the remaining 6
- Key Points to Remember When Drafting Business Contracts
- Employment Agreement vs. Consultant Agreement
- How to Draft an NDA (Non-Disclosure Agreement)
- Difference Between MOU and Agreement
- Shareholders’ Agreement: Key Clauses, Articles and Indian Law Limits
- Key Clauses Every Partnership Deed Should Contain
Tax and GST
17 articles
- Personal Hearing Before GST Authorities: Who Can Appear and How to Prepare
- Common Causes for Show-Cause Notices and How to Respond
- Annual GST Return Checklist for Businesses
- Handling GST Notices and Scrutiny: Types, Replies and Appeals
- Importance of Proper Tax Invoicing Under GST
- How to Amend GST Registration Details
- TDS and TCS Under GST: Explained for Businesses
- How to Reactivate a Cancelled GST Registration (Revocation under Section 30)
Show the remaining 9
- GST Audit Requirements and Due Dates
- GST Registration Cancellation: Procedure, Final Return and What Happens to Stock and Credit
- How to Claim Input Tax Credit (ITC) Properly
- Penalties for Late Filing of GST Returns
- Composition Scheme Under GST Explained
- How to File NIL GST Return Online
- Common GST Mistakes and How to Avoid Them
- GSTR-1, GSTR-3B and GSTR-9: Returns and Due Dates Explained
- GST Registration in Kerala: Who Must Register, Documents and Procedure
Notices and Proceedings
6 articles
- Responding to RBI or SEBI: FEMA Compounding, Late Submission Fee and SEBI Notices
- How to Prepare a Hearing File for ROC, RD, NCLT and GST Hearings
- Replying to MCA and ROC Notices: Types, Approach and Drafting
- How to File an Application for Condonation of Delay
- How to Prepare for a Hearing Before the Regional Director (RD)
- Appearing Before the ROC, Regional Director and NCLT: What Happens and How to Prepare
CS Course and Career
7 articles
- Career Options After CS: Employment, Practice and Other Paths
- PCS Full Form: What a Practising Company Secretary Does
- Is CS a Degree? Recognition and Equivalence of the Company Secretary Qualification
- How to become Tax Consultant in India?
- CS Course Registration: Eligibility, Cut-off Dates, Validity, Fees and De-novo
- CS Course Structure and Syllabus: CSEET, Executive and Professional Papers
- CS Course for Science Graduates: Eligibility, Difficulty and Career Advantages